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Quantum Computing Modalities
Quantum Computing Modalities: One-Clean-Qubit Model (DQC1)
The One-Clean-Qubit model, also known as Deterministic Quantum Computation with One Qubit (DQC1), is a restricted quantum computing paradigm where only a single qubit starts in a pure (or “clean”) state while all other qubits are in a completely mixed…
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Quantum Computing Modalities
Quantum Computing Modalities: Exotic and Emerging QC
Overview of “exotic and emerging” quantum computing paradigms and discuss why they exist, what common themes link them, how they compare to mainstream quantum computers, and what implications they might hold for the future. We also introduce each paradigm in…
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Quantum Computing Modalities
Quantum Computing Modalities: Photonic Continuous-Variable QC (CVQC)
Photonic continuous-variable quantum computing (CVQC) is an approach to quantum computation that uses quantum states with continuously varying quantities (like the amplitude or phase of an electromagnetic field) instead of discrete two-level systems (qubits).
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Quantum Computing Modalities
Quantum Computing Modalities: Hybrid QC Architectures
Hybrid quantum computing architectures refer to combining different types of quantum systems or integrating quantum subsystems with one another (and often with classical systems) to create a more powerful or versatile computer. This can mean hybridizing physical qubit modalities (e.g.,…
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Quantum Computing Modalities
Quantum Computing Modalities: Quantum Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) & Cluster States
Quantum Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes are a class of quantum error-correcting codes characterized by “sparse” parity-check constraints, analogous to classical LDPC codes. In a Quantum LDPC code (which is typically a stabilizer code), each stabilizer generator (parity-check operator) acts on…
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5G Security
Is 5G security being sacrificed at the altar of profit, politics and process?
Homo sapiens is an incredibly adaptable species, arguably the most adaptable ever. But it is also a forgetful one, quick to take things for granted. Many of us can remember when cell phones first emerged, when the internet first became…
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Quantum Computing Modalities
Quantum Computing Modalities: Gate-Based / Universal QC
Quantum computing in the gate-based or circuit model is the most widely pursued paradigm for realizing a universal quantum computer. In this model, computations are carried out by applying sequences of quantum logic gates to qubits (quantum bits), analogous to…
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AI Security
Model Fragmentation and What it Means for Security
Model fragmentation is the phenomenon where a single machine-learning model is not used uniformly across all instances, platforms, or applications. Instead, different versions, configurations, or subsets of the model are deployed based on specific needs, constraints, or local optimizations. This…
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Quantum Computing Modalities
Quantum Computing Modalities: Quantum Annealing (QA) & Adiabatic QC (AQC)
Quantum annealing (QA) and adiabatic quantum computing (AQC) are closely related paradigms that use gradual quantum evolution to solve problems. In both approaches, a problem is encoded into a landscape of energy states (a quantum Hamiltonian), and the system is…
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Quantum Computing Modalities
Quantum Computing Modalities: Quantum Cellular Automata (QCA) in Living Cells
Trapped-ion quantum computing uses individual ions (charged atoms) as qubits. Each ion’s internal quantum state (usually two hyperfine levels of the atom’s electron configuration) serves as |0⟩ and |1⟩. Ions are held in place (suspended in free space) using electromagnetic…
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AI Security
Outsmarting AI with Model Evasion
Model Evasion in the context of machine learning for cybersecurity refers to the tactical manipulation of input data, algorithmic processes, or outputs to mislead or subvert the intended operations of a machine learning model. In mathematical terms, evasion can be…
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Leadership
Canada’s Quiet Blockchain Revolution: A Tech Legacy Forged in the North
Canada might not be the first country that comes to mind when you think of blockchain and cryptocurrency. Yet, from community meetups in Toronto pubs to world-leading enterprise deployments, Canadians have played a pivotal role in shaping blockchain’s global story.…
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Quantum Sensing
Ethical and Privacy Implications of Quantum Sensing
Quantum sensing sits at a crossroads of promise and peril. On one hand, it embodies the awe-inspiring potential of quantum technology – offering us new eyes and ears to perceive the world in richer detail than ever before. It could…
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Research
New Hybrid Quantum Monte Carlo Algorithm
Researchers Xiaosi Xu and Ying Li have developed a “quantum-assisted” Monte Carlo method that uses a small quantum processor to boost the accuracy of classical simulations. The breakthrough, published in Quantum in 2023, addresses the notorious sign problem in quantum…
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Policy & Sovereignty
CISA’s “Quantum-Readiness” Fact Sheet: A Call to Prepare for Post-Quantum Cryptography
The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) together with the NSA and NIST released a joint cybersecurity factsheet titled “Quantum-Readiness: Migration to Post-Quantum Cryptography.” This document was created to inform organizations - “especially those that support Critical Infrastructure” - about…
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