Articles – PostQuantum – Marin Ivezic

Governments spent 2025 publishing PQC roadmaps. In 2026, they started giving those roadmaps teeth. A draft US executive order, the EU's first binding PQC law, and vendor deadlines from Google and AWS are collapsing the compliance horizon from 2035 to 2028–2030 ...

Recruitment agencies are flooding the market with "benchmarked" quantum salary data. I reverse-engineered the numbers in five different guides. Every single one was built from a formula, not from actual placement data ...

Fifteen years and over a hundred papers later, the verdict on quantum radar is in. The maximum range is limited to tens of meters by physics, not engineering. My earlier coverage was too generous ...

Every article about quantum threats includes the throwaway line: criminals won't need their own quantum computer, they'll just rent one. The actual evidence says otherwise ...

PQC migration is the most complex cryptographic transformation in enterprise history. Getting the governance model right determines whether it succeeds or stalls. Here's how to structure it ...

NIST just narrowed 14 post-quantum signature candidates to nine. The survivors span four distinct mathematical families, from isogeny-based compact signatures to multivariate schemes under active cryptanalytic fire. Here's what each candidate is, why NIST kept it, and what this means for your PQC migration planning ...

Recent research proves one post-quantum layer can protect all payload confidentiality. But which layer should you migrate first? Six enterprise architecture scenarios analyzed ...

Most quantum computing coverage fixates on breaking encryption. The real near-term story is utility — chemistry, materials, energy, drug design. This article maps every major fault-tolerant quantum algorithm to its logical qubit requirements, T-gate costs, and the real-world problem it solves, from photosensitizer calculations at 350 qubits to bulk solid-state physics at 100,000. The ladder ...

Quantum computing will provide genuine advantage for a specific class of chemistry problems involving strongly correlated electronic states. The applications are real, the resource estimates are concrete, and the hardware timelines are plausible. But the advantage is narrower than the marketing suggests, and the path from simulation to product includes steps that quantum does not ...

After months of research and hundreds of papers, the picture is clear: quantum computing will deliver genuine competitive advantages for pharma, chemicals, batteries, advanced materials, and condensed-matter physics. For finance, logistics, and machine learning, the evidence is structurally weak. This capstone article synthesizes the full Quantum Utility Map series into a single strategic thesis ...

By 2033, fault-tolerant quantum computers with 2,000 logical qubits will create genuine competitive separation in pharma, chemicals, battery technology, and advanced materials. Finance, logistics, and machine learning face a structural barrier that no hardware improvement can fix. This strategic briefing maps the evidence and explains what to do about it ...

At Bitcoin 2026, the same main stage hosted engineers building quantum-resistant upgrades and a trio claiming quantum computers can never work because Bitcoin proves time is discrete. The dysfunction that produced this scene plays out in every enterprise boardroom facing PQC migration ...

Every PQC migration guide tells you to "be crypto-agile." After leading migrations at Fortune Global 500 scale, I can tell you where that advice fails: HSMs that can't upgrade, protocols with hard-coded algorithms, and embedded devices that will outlive the cryptography they verify ...

Vendor roadmaps imply smooth growth from 100 to 100,000 logical qubits. The reality is that specific engineering dimensions hit qualitative walls at each scale, and which wall dominates depends entirely on the hardware modality ...

Between 2024 and 2026, three error correction advances reduced the physical qubit cost of fault-tolerant quantum computing by an order of magnitude or more. qLDPC codes compress the encoding ratio. Magic state cultivation shrinks factory footprint. Algorithmic fault tolerance cuts runtime overhead by a factor of the code distance. Together, they are rewriting the timeline ...

From TPM attestation keys to container image signatures, modern systems depend on dozens of signature layers most security teams have never fully mapped. This deep dive exposes the full anatomy of the trust infrastructure a quantum computer would compromise ...

The best quantum finance resource estimates, produced by Goldman Sachs' own research team, require logical clock speeds three orders of magnitude beyond any projected hardware. The quantum speedup for derivative pricing and portfolio optimization is quadratic, and quadratic is structurally insufficient. Here is what the evidence says and what financial institutions should do instead ...

Your New York office runs ML-KEM per NIST. Your Frankfurt office needs ANSSI-recommended hybrids. Your Shanghai office will require Chinese ICCS algorithms. Your Seoul subsidiary uses KpqC. You need one migration plan. This article maps how to build it ...

The industries where quantum computing creates the most value are the industries most critical to national security. The hardware serving them is concentrated in a handful of companies and countries. The architectural decisions determining whether access is sovereign or dependent are being made now. This article explains the trap and how to avoid it ...

Qubit count gets the headlines. Error rates get the analysis. But the classical decoder that must process millions of error signals per second in real time gets almost no attention outside the QEC research community. It may be the capability that determines the CRQC timeline ...

The quantum computing market hit $1.4 billion in 2025 for machines that deliver no practical advantage over classical computers. Here's why that spending is more rational than it sounds ...

The consensus says Grover will never break AES-128. The math checks out on today's assumptions. But those assumptions are built on surface codes and superconducting hardware, and the ground is already shifting. Scan the quantum computing coverage of Bitcoin and you will find a remarkable pattern. Article after article cites the same RSA-2048 qubit estimates ...

Nine investigations. One conclusion. China's structural advantages in quantum technology make it the most dangerous competitor the West has ever underestimated. Over the past several months, I examined every dimension of China's quantum program — the industrial policy that elevated quantum to the #1 priority in the 15th Five-Year Plan, the unverifiable billions flowing through ...

Most PQC migration guides tell you to protect data first. But recent research confirms that signature algorithms fall faster, and the blast radius of a compromised signing key dwarfs that of a decrypted session. Here's why I'm telling CISOs to flip the sequence ...