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Quantum Computing
Routing Quantum Information: SWAP, iSWAP, and Moving Qubit States
Quantum computers face a unique challenge in moving quantum information between qubits. Unlike classical bits that can be shuttled freely along wires, qubits cannot be arbitrarily copied or moved due to the no-cloning theorem. To route a qubit’s state from…
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Quantum Computing
Surface Code Quantum Error Correction
Quantum error correction (QEC) is indispensable for building large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computers. Even today’s best qubits suffer error rates that would quickly corrupt any long calculation if left uncorrected. The principle of QEC is to encode a single logical qubit…
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5G Security
A Comparison of 5G Core Network Architectures
The 5G Core network is a Service Based Architecture. It evolves the traditional appliance based 4G Core Network to support services. It offers more agility and flexibility. The major building blocks of this architecture include Service-Based Interface: The Service Based…
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AI Security
What Model Inversion Attacks Actually Recover
Model inversion recovers class representatives more often than individuals, its dominant evaluation framework counts adversarial examples as successful reconstructions, and embedding inversion has become a separate privacy problem in enterprise retrieval systems.
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AI Security
Data Spoofing Is Four Attacks, and Your Model Answers None of Them
Channel authenticity, measurement integrity and model correctness are three separate properties, and no one of them supplies the other two. Sorting the four attacks that get filed under data spoofing, and the control that answers each.
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Crypto Security
How KuCoin Survived a Massive Hack of $285M Worth of Crypto Assets
When attacked, some crypto projects and exchanges buckle and fold under pressure; KuCoin set the standard in 2020 for how to react to crypto hacks, even on the largest scale. KuCoin is a Singapore-based crypto exchange that consistently ranks among…
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5G Security
The Open RAN Lexicon You Need
The telecoms and digital technologies sectors are notoriously jargonised. Eavesdrop on any conversation at an industry conference (remember those?) and you’d be treated to a parade of acronyms, initialisms and technical terms that would sound like ancient Greek to an…
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Quantum Computing
Quantum Supremacy vs. Quantum Advantage
In the ever-accelerating world of quantum computing, two terms have emerged as the darlings of headlines and conference keynotes: quantum supremacy and quantum advantage. If you've followed the news, you might think they're interchangeable buzzwords celebrating the dawn of a…
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Post-Quantum, PQC, Quantum Security
CRQC Readiness Index Proposal
This proposal outlines a composite, vendor‑neutral “CRQC Readiness” indicator. It intentionally avoids one‑number vanity metrics (like only counting qubits) and instead triangulates from three ingredients that actually matter for breaking today’s crypto: usable (logical) qubits, error‑tolerant algorithm depth, and sustained…
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Post-Quantum, PQC, Quantum Security
Understanding FIPS 140: A Cornerstone of Cryptographic Security
FIPS 140 (Federal Information Processing Standard 140) is a U.S. government computer security standard that specifies security requirements for cryptographic modules - the hardware or software components that perform encryption and other cryptographic functions. In simpler terms, FIPS 140 sets…
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Industry
China’s Jiuzhang Achieves Photonic Quantum Advantage
A team of Chinese scientists has announced a breakthrough in quantum computing with the development of Jiuzhang, a photonic quantum processor that achieved a major computational milestone. In experiments reported on December 3, 2020, Jiuzhang completed in 200 seconds a…
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5G Security
Open RAN May Be the Future of 5G, but Can We Keep It Secure?
It’s been a year of contradictions for the telecommunications industry. Like most sectors, it has been heavily impacted by the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic, with a slowdown in global 5G roll-outs being a notable result. Geopolitical conflicts have continued…
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5G Security
5G in Manufacturing – 5G and Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) for Industrial Automation
In the recent report by IHS Markit – “The 5G Economy – How 5G will contribute to the global economy” – researchers claimed that manufacturing will garner almost $4.7 trillion in sales enablement by 2035. Or 36% of the $13.2…
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Industry
D-Wave’s 5,000+ Qubit Quantum Computer “Advantage”
Vancouver-area company D-Wave Systems - the world’s first commercial quantum computing firm - launched its Advantage quantum annealer, boasting over 5,000 qubits and a radically expanded 15-way qubit connectivity. This machine marked a leap from its previous 2,000-qubit system and…
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5G Security
Cybersecurity and Safety in the 5G-Enabled Smart-Everything World
Neil Harbisson calls himself a cyborg. Without the antenna implanted in his skull, he would not be able to see colour of any kind. Born with achromatopsia, a condition of total colourblindness that affects 1 in every 30 000 people,…
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