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Quantum Snake Oil
Perfect Secrecy
Shannon's 1949 theorem defines perfect secrecy precisely: the key must be at least as long as the message and used only once. Any product claiming perfect secrecy while violating either condition is contradicting a mathematical proof.
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Quantum Snake Oil
Information-Theoretic Security
Information-theoretic security means security that holds regardless of an attacker's computational power. In marketing, the term is presented as an absolute, implementation-independent guarantee. It is not. The guarantee applies to a model, not to a box.
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Quantum Snake Oil
Quantum Encryption / Quantum Cryptography
"Quantum encryption" and "quantum cryptography" technically refer to QKD and related protocols. In marketing, they are applied to everything from NIST post-quantum algorithms to classical software with no quantum hardware. This guide disambiguates.
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Quantum Snake Oil
Quantum-Enhanced
"Quantum-enhanced" is applied to everything from phones with real QRNG chips to classical software with no quantum hardware. The term has no standard definition, which makes it a vehicle for claims that range from overstated to fabricated.
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Quantum Snake Oil
Quantum-Safe vs Quantum-Resistant vs Post-Quantum
"Quantum-safe," "quantum-resistant," and "post-quantum" are used interchangeably by vendors. Standards bodies have spent years trying to fix this. The differences matter for procurement, compliance, and whether a product does what you think it does.
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Post-Quantum, PQC, Quantum Security
The Anatomy of Quantum Denial: What Bitcoin’s Response to the Quantum Threat Teaches Every CISO
At Bitcoin 2026, the same main stage hosted engineers building quantum-resistant upgrades and a trio claiming quantum computers can never work because Bitcoin proves time is discrete. The dysfunction that produced this scene plays out in every enterprise boardroom facing…
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Quantum Security Reference
What Is a Logical Qubit?
Every quantum computing headline features a qubit count. Almost none of them distinguish between physical qubits and logical qubits. That distinction is the single most important concept for evaluating quantum progress — and the one most consistently misunderstood outside the…
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Quantum Security Reference
What Is a CRQC (Cryptographically Relevant Quantum Computer)?
A CRQC is the quantum computer capable of breaking real-world cryptography. None exists today, but the engineering path is advancing across every required capability. This reference explains what a CRQC requires, how to track progress toward one, and why the…
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Quantum Security Reference
What Is Q-Day?
Q-Day is the day a quantum computer can break widely used public-key cryptography. Predictions range from 2030 to never. But as I have argued, that debate is becoming irrelevant — regulators, insurers, and technology vendors have already set their own…
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Quantum Security Reference
What Is Harvest Now, Decrypt Later (HNDL)?
Harvest Now, Decrypt Later is the reason the quantum threat is not a future problem. Nation-state adversaries are collecting encrypted data today, waiting for quantum computers powerful enough to break it. If your data needs to stay confidential for a…
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Quantum Security Reference
What Is Grover’s Algorithm?
Grover's algorithm is the quantum threat to symmetric cryptography. It halves effective key lengths, which sounds alarming until you do the math. AES-256 remains secure. AES-128 does not. This reference explains the algorithm, its limits, and why the common advice…
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Quantum Security Reference
What Is Shor’s Algorithm?
Shor's algorithm is the reason post-quantum cryptography exists. Published in 1994, it proved that a quantum computer could break RSA, ECC, and Diffie-Hellman. The resource estimates for executing it keep dropping. This reference explains the algorithm's implications without the mathematics.
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Quantum Security Reference
What Is Quantum Safe?
Every vendor now claims their product is "quantum safe." This reference explains what the term actually means, how it differs from related labels, what standards define it, and how to evaluate quantum-safe claims in procurement, compliance, and architecture decisions.
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Quantum Security Reference
What Is Quantum Computing Security?
Quantum computing security has two meanings: protecting classical systems against quantum attack, and protecting quantum computers themselves. Both matter, but the first is why every CISO has a deadline. This reference covers what breaks, how soon, and what the dual…
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Quantum Security Reference
What Is Quantum Cyber Security?
Quantum cyber security is no longer a research topic. NIST has finalized the standards, regulators have set hard deadlines starting in 2027, and the migration to quantum-resistant cryptography will touch every system in your organization. This reference covers what security…
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