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Quantum Computing Modalities
Quantum Computing Modalities: Gate-Based / Universal QC
Quantum computing in the gate-based or circuit model is the most widely pursued paradigm for realizing a universal quantum computer. In this model, computations are carried out by applying sequences of quantum logic gates to qubits (quantum bits), analogous to…
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AI Security
Model Fragmentation Is Model Sprawl, and Nobody Has the Inventory
A quantised derivative of a model you scanned is a different artefact that you did not scan. Every variant carries its own provenance, its own vulnerabilities and its own blast radius, and the first control is an inventory most organisations…
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Quantum Computing Modalities
Quantum Computing Modalities: Quantum Annealing (QA) & Adiabatic QC (AQC)
Quantum annealing (QA) and adiabatic quantum computing (AQC) are closely related paradigms that use gradual quantum evolution to solve problems. In both approaches, a problem is encoded into a landscape of energy states (a quantum Hamiltonian), and the system is…
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Quantum Computing Modalities
Quantum Computing Modalities: Quantum Cellular Automata (QCA) in Living Cells
Trapped-ion quantum computing uses individual ions (charged atoms) as qubits. Each ion’s internal quantum state (usually two hyperfine levels of the atom’s electron configuration) serves as |0⟩ and |1⟩. Ions are held in place (suspended in free space) using electromagnetic…
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AI Security
Model Evasion: Why Attackers Rarely Need Adversarial ML
Evasion research and evasion practice have been pointing in different directions for years. The attacks work in the lab, the constraint that makes them hard is a defensive asset almost nobody uses, and real attackers mostly do something cheaper.
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Leadership
Canada’s Quiet Blockchain Revolution: A Tech Legacy Forged in the North
Canada might not be the first country that comes to mind when you think of blockchain and cryptocurrency. Yet, from community meetups in Toronto pubs to world-leading enterprise deployments, Canadians have played a pivotal role in shaping blockchain’s global story.…
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Quantum Sensing
Ethical and Privacy Implications of Quantum Sensing
Quantum sensing sits at a crossroads of promise and peril. On one hand, it embodies the awe-inspiring potential of quantum technology – offering us new eyes and ears to perceive the world in richer detail than ever before. It could…
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Research
New Hybrid Quantum Monte Carlo Algorithm
Researchers Xiaosi Xu and Ying Li have developed a “quantum-assisted” Monte Carlo method that uses a small quantum processor to boost the accuracy of classical simulations. The breakthrough, published in Quantum in 2023, addresses the notorious sign problem in quantum…
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Policy & Sovereignty
CISA’s “Quantum-Readiness” Fact Sheet: A Call to Prepare for Post-Quantum Cryptography
The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) together with the NSA and NIST released a joint cybersecurity factsheet titled “Quantum-Readiness: Migration to Post-Quantum Cryptography.” This document was created to inform organizations - “especially those that support Critical Infrastructure” - about…
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Q-Day
Q-Day Predictions: Anticipating the Arrival of CRQC
While CRQCs capable of breaking current public key encryption algorithms have not yet materialized, technological advancements are pushing us towards what is ominously dubbed 'Q-Day'—the day a CRQC becomes operational. Many experts believe that Q-Day, or Y2Q as it's sometimes…
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AI Security
AI and Canada: Pioneering Innovation, Searching for Homegrown Success
It’s easy to forget, amid the hype around Silicon Valley’s AI giants, that many of the foundational breakthroughs of modern AI were born in Canada. In fact, two of the three “godfathers of AI” - Yoshua Bengio and Geoffrey Hinton…
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AI Security
Homomorphic Encryption for ML: What the Overhead Buys
Homomorphic encryption lets an untrusted server compute on data it cannot read. The overhead is severe enough that the set of machine learning workloads where that trade is correct is small, specific and worth naming precisely.
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Post-Quantum, PQC, Quantum Security
Quantum Readiness for Mission-Critical Communications (MCC)
Mission-critical communications (MCC) networks are the specialized communication systems used by “blue light” emergency and disaster response services (police, fire, EMS), military units, utilities, and other critical operators to relay vital information when lives or infrastructure are at stake. These…
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AI Security
What 250 Poisoned Documents Actually Proved
Two hundred and fifty documents planted the same backdoor in models from 600M to 13B parameters. What it planted was gibberish on a trigger word. The poisoning that should worry defenders is somewhere else entirely.
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AI Security
Semantic Adversarial Attacks: Leaving the Perturbation Budget Behind
A semantic attack changes the lighting, the hair colour or the phrasing. The result is enormous in pixel distance, obviously the same thing to a person, and outside the set of inputs any robustness guarantee was written about.
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