Quantum Computing
Quantum computing hardware, modalities, architectures, companies, roadmaps, ecosystem dynamics, commercialization, and the path from NISQ experiments to fault-tolerant machines.
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China’s Quantum Computing Hardware: The Core Capability the West Keeps Misjudging
The published record suggests China trails the US by about a year. The actual gap may be narrower — or it may already be closed. In December 2025, a team at the University of Science and Technology of China quietly…
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China’s Hefei National Laboratory: The Nerve Center of a Quantum Superpower
On April 26, 2016, Xi Jinping walked into USTC's Advanced Technology Research Institute in Hefei and listened to a physicist named Pan Jianwei describe the future of quantum information science. What Xi said next — "Very promising, very important… the…
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The $15.3 Billion Number That Everyone Cites and Nobody Can Verify
In October 2023, I was on a call with a European defense ministry official who wanted to discuss quantum threats. Within the first five minutes, he cited it. "China has invested $15.3 billion in quantum technology - nearly double the…
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The CRQC Scorecard: How Close Is Each Quantum Modality to Breaking Your Encryption?
Yesterday, two papers landed that set social media on fire. Google Quantum AI published a landmark resource estimate showing that fewer than 500,000 superconducting qubits could break Bitcoin's elliptic curve cryptography in under nine minutes. Hours later, a team from…
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The Dark Horse: How Silicon Quietly Assembled Every Building Block for Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computing
The quantum computing modality race has had a clear narrative for most of the past decade. Superconducting qubits were the frontrunners — Google's quantum supremacy demonstration in 2019, IBM's steadily growing processor roadmap, the first below-threshold surface code results in…
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Three Bets on Silicon: Donor Qubits, Quantum Dots, and the Foundry Path Compared
When people say "silicon quantum computing," they often speak as if it is one thing. It is not. It is at least three distinct approaches, built on the same material but employing different physics, different fabrication methods, and different strategies…
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China’s Quantum OS Play: Origin Pilot and the Battle for the Integration Layer
China's Origin Pilot isn't just another quantum SDK — it's a top-down systems integration layer that challenges the West's bottom-up approach to quantum open architecture.
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Origin Quantum Computing Technology Co.
Origin Quantum Computing Technology Co. (本源量子计算科技) is China's first and most prominent quantum computing startup, building a vertically integrated superconducting quantum computing platform that spans from chip fabrication through operating system to cloud delivery. Headquartered in Hefei, Anhui Province -…
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Quantum Low-Density Parity-Check (qLDPC) Codes
Quantum Low-Density Parity-Check (qLDPC) codes are an emerging class of quantum error-correcting codes that promise to significantly reduce the overhead required for fault-tolerant quantum computing. Much like their classical LDPC counterparts, qLDPC codes are defined by sparse parity-check constraints: each…
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Engineering the Quantum Operating System (OS) Stack: From Nanosecond Pulse Control to System-Level Orchestration
The argument for quantum computing's "PC moment" has become surprisingly compelling. QuantWare ships superconducting QPUs to customers in 22 countries. Qblox sells modular control stacks to over 100 labs. Bluefors has installed 1,800 cryogenic systems worldwide. The Quantum Open Architecture…
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QuantWare
QuantWare is a Delft, Netherlands-based quantum computing startup that provides superconducting quantum processors as off-the-shelf products. Founded in 2021 as a spin-out from TU Delft’s QuTech institute by Matt Rijlaarsdam and Alessandro Bruno, the company aims to be the “Intel…
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Quantum Open Architecture (QOA): The “PC Moment” of Quantum Computing
Today, a sea change is underway. Quantum Open Architecture (QOA) is doing for quantum computing what the PC revolution did for classical computing - opening up the ecosystem. Just as the computing world shifted from monolithic mainframes to modular PCs…
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Silicon’s Hidden Advantage: How Biased Noise Could Slash the Cost of Quantum Error Correction
When people say "silicon quantum computing," they often speak as if it is one thing. It is not. It is at least three distinct approaches, built on the same material but employing different physics, different fabrication methods, and different strategies…
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What It Takes to Build a Quantum Computer: Mapping the Hidden Supply Chains Behind Every Modality
A map of the hidden supply chains behind every major quantum computing modality — and a guide to where value, risk, and strategic leverage actually sit. The headlines go to the companies designing quantum processors, but behind every qubit sits…
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The Foundry’s Hidden Supply Chain: Who Really Wins If Silicon Spin Quantum Computing Wins
In September 2025, a team from the Australian startup Diraq and Belgium's imec published a result in Nature that no one in the semiconductor industry could ignore. They had fabricated silicon quantum dot spin qubits on imec's industrial 300-millimeter wafer…
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