All Post-Quantum, PQC Posts
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Post-Quantum, PQC, Quantum Security
Pinnacle Architecture: 100,000 Qubits to Break RSA-2048, but at What Cost?
Iceberg Quantum's Pinnacle Architecture paper claims RSA-2048 can be factored with fewer than 100,000 physical qubits - a genuine 10× reduction over the previous state of the art - by replacing surface codes with quantum LDPC codes. The result is credible but shifts difficulty from qubit count to equally daunting engineering challenges: non-local connectivity, fast QLDPC decoding, and month-long sustained fault-tolerant operation. In my paper…
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Post-Quantum, PQC, Quantum Security
Payments and the Race to Quantum Safety / Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC)
The payments industry has navigated big cryptographic transitions before. The migration from magnetic stripes to EMV chips took the better part of two decades and cost billions. The shift from SHA-1 to SHA-256 certificates was painful but bounded - it mostly meant updating software, not ripping out hardware. The post-quantum transition is different in kind, not just degree. It touches every layer of the payments…
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Post-Quantum, PQC, Quantum Security
120,000 Tasks: Why Post‑Quantum (PQC) Migration Is Enormous
When I tell fellow CISOs, board members, or even seasoned program managers that the integrated program plan for a comprehensive quantum security / post-quantum cryptography (PQC) migration I recently worked on contained over 120,000 discrete tasks, the reaction is almost always the same. First, there is a polite silence. Then, the inevitable furrowing of the brow. Finally, the question: "Surely, you mean you counted every…
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Post-Quantum, PQC, Quantum Security
The Cryptographic Iceberg Inside a Mobile Banking Transaction
A single mobile banking payment triggers millions of cryptographic function calls across nine parties. Here's what actually happens - from silicon to settlement - and why it matters for quantum readiness. The Cryptographic Iceberg Inside a Mobile Banking Transaction 320 function calls before you even type an amount It takes roughly half a second. You press your thumb against the sensor, your banking app opens,…
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Quantum Policies
NIS2, DORA, and the EU Post-Quantum Roadmap
If you are a CISO under NIS2 or DORA, you are already expected to run a risk-management system that tracks material, evolving threats - and to implement “state‑of‑the‑art” controls appropriate to the risk. The EU’s PQC roadmap is effectively saying: quantum is now one of those evolving threats you must govern. The most important conceptual shift for leadership teams is this: the EU is not (yet)…
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Post-Quantum, PQC, Quantum Security
Telecom Quantum Readiness: Why the Urgency and Where to Start
An increasing number of telecom leaders have been pinging me lately about quantum readiness. And frankly, that’s exactly what they should be doing. New regulations and mandates are emerging left and right (in various jurisdictions and across the industry) requiring critical infrastructure to become quantum-safe in the coming years. As someone who used to run global telecom cybersecurity practices - and served as interim CISO…
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Post-Quantum, PQC, Quantum Security
Quantum Key Distribution (QKD): Why Countries Differ on Its Future
Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) - a method of securing communications using quantum physics - has become a flashpoint of debate worldwide. Recent news (like Google’s announcement favoring post-quantum algorithms over QKD) highlights how divided opinions are. Some nations are investing heavily in QKD networks as the next frontier of secure communications, while others remain skeptical and prioritize post-quantum cryptography (PQC). United States and Allies: Emphasizing…
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Q-Day
Q-Day Knowledge Center & Q-Day Framework and Estimator
Q-Day Knowledge Center - Your complete guide to understanding, forecasting, and preparing for quantum decryption risk.
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